Have you ever wondered how it actually feels to be strapped up for a lie detection test?
It is not often that individuals are linked to a machine that is programmed to monitor the rate of their heartbeat, their breath, and even their perspiration. However, polygraph tests are still employed more frequently than many people may believe in situations ranging from criminal inquiries to employer-initiated examinations for new work candidates.
A study conducted by the American Polygraph Association indicates that polygraph tests can achieve 87% accuracy when done by trained personnel. However, their applicability is still a topic of debate.
Entering the realm of lie detection is not just about answering questions; it is a process that involves science, psychology, and even some suspense. Let’s pull back the curtain on what happens during a lie detector test and how it all works so you’ll know exactly what to expect if you ever find yourself in the hot seat.
The Purpose Behind the Polygraph
Polygraph, or the lie detector test, is not a magical device that sees you telling the truth or a lie; it records the physiological reactions. It depends on parameters such as heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and skin conductivity.
Most law enforcement agencies employ polygraph tests during investigations, but it is also common among employers and even relationship therapists.
However, the test has been accepted as credible and admissible in court in some jurisdictions. Thus, it is imperative to unravel the purpose so as to ease the understanding of the process involved.
What Happens Before the Test?
As with any form of polygraph test, the preparation is key, and the examiner does not immediately pose the questions. Firstly, you will be informed who the examiner is and then get to know the equipment used in a test. This phase is referred to as the pre-test interview, an important phase that helps set the pace.
The examiner will then inform you how the polygraph is administered to avoid any confusion or discomfort. Do not be surprised if you don’t get connected immediately to wires. However, this is an opportunity to ask questions and seek clarification.
The examiner will also ask questions regarding your medical and psychological background. This is because factors such as anxiety, certain types of medication or even the intake of caffeine may impact the results. Communication is key – if you feel anxious at any point, you must inform the examiner.
The Questions: What You’ll Be Asked
The questions asked during polygraph tests are not the same. The examiner will ask three types of questions:
- Irrelevant Questions: These are fundamental questions to set the basic standards for your physical reactions. Examples include: “What day is it today?” or “Are you seated?”
- Control Questions: These are slightly provocative but unrelated to the test’s purpose, intended to create a measurable level of stress response. For instance: “Is there any incidence when you avoided telling the truth to escape getting into trouble?”
- Relevant Questions: Directly address the issue, such as: “Did you take the missing item?”
What Happens During the Test?
Each question is posed several times for genuine and realistic results as a means of reliability. After each round, the examiner will take a break and reflect on the collected data.
Physiological activity is presented in the form of wave-like oscillations on the monitor or paper. The examiner, familiar with such patterns, looks for abnormal increases or fluctuations in vital signs, which might signal lying.
However, it is significant to know that these readings are not absolute.
How Should You Behave During the Test?
The adrenaline rush makes it difficult to remain composed, especially when each gentle inhalation and steady pulse can be considerably heard. However, restricting the movements and aiming to keep the body position neutral can improve the test results.
Engage with the examiner. But remember, if a question seems ambiguous or you suspect a misunderstanding, ask for clarification. Cooperation thus conveys that one is there to provide accurate information.
After the Test: What Happens Next?
After the test is completed, the examiner studies the test results. Often, you will not get an instant response; the information gathered requires interpretation. Results are then forwarded to the party who requested the services, such as an employer, investigator, or lawyer.
The polygraph results are not always conclusive. Sometimes, it might give false positives or false negatives and are therefore applied as part of other investigations.
Tips to Prepare for a Lie Detector Test
- Get a Good Night’s Sleep: Fatigue increases anxiety and impacts outcomes.
- Use Stimulants in Moderation: Caffeine and nicotine may increase your heart rate; thus use them in moderation before test.
- Be Honest: Transparency is the best way to avoid misunderstanding.
- Stay Calm: It is easier said than done, but breathing exercises can reduce nervousness.
The Ethical Debate Around Polygraphs
Some people regard polygraph tests as accurate and objective, while others have different opinions regarding their effectiveness and the fairness of using them during an investigation.
Critics of the method contend that stress indicators are not useful for identifying deceit since stress can stem from various causes. Supporters of polygraphs, on the other hand, see them as effective tools when other evidence is combined with them.
Of course, considering both viewpoints is crucial, especially if one is to get a test.
Conclusion
A lie detector test is not as scary as it sounds. It is a scientific method used to obtain information – It’s not a determination of guilt or innocence. Knowing what to expect and being relaxed during this time can help you face the process confidently.
No matter what the reason for the examination is – legal, professional, or personal – keep in mind that it’s only one part of the equation. Having the necessary information and being prepared can help you approach this in an informed and empowered manner.
